Mihing Hamphatna Khutzat bulpi-4
Agelh~Khansuan T. Guite
Article (4) ICCPR
(A) Gambup thukin kisap hun (emergency period) ah mipi a ding in thukin kisap hun a kitangko leh laipi dongta gamte in laipi sung a om sepding mawhpuak te tawlkhat sung dinkhawl thei hi. Tua bang a dinkhawlna ah a hun leh a mun kisapna taktak zui in sem ding a, leitung bup thukham sungah mawhpuaknate tawh zong kitukalh lo ding hi. Ahi zongin minam, ci leh sa, nu leh pa, kampau, biakna, beh leh phungte khentuam lo in sem ding hi.
(B) Hih zuih ding thukham in Article 6, 7, 8 (1,2), 11, 15, 16, leh 18 te bang ci bang lampi tawh hetsia kha lo ding hi.
(C) Laipi dongta gam khat peuh in laipi sung a thute a zukkik ut leh United Nations General Assembly (UNGS) pansan in laipi dongta gam dangte kiangah thu zasak ding hi. Tua thu a zaksakna ah bang thu, bang hang, bang hun pan kipan in zukkik hi cih kihel ding hi. Tua ban ah zukkikna a bei hun ciang in zong UNGS pansan mah in thu zasak kik ding hi.
Gam khatpeuh a thukin kisap hun a tangko ciangin hamphatna leh suahtakna pawlkhat te tua hunsung khaktan thei hi. Ahi zongin hih a nuai a hamphatnate kikhaktan thei ngeilo hi.
(i)Nuntak theihna (rights to life)
(ii)Thukham mai ah mihing khat a hihna ciaptehna:
(iii)Suakta tak a ngaihsutna, lunggelna leh biakpiakna:
(iv)Bawlsiatna pan kipelhna:
(v) Sila suah sakna pan pengna:
(vi)Leibat hangin kolbulhna pan pengna:
(vii)A sisa (a lui) thukham te tawh thu khenna pan pengna te ahi hi.
Hilhcianna:
Hamphatna pawlkhat pen hih a nuai a hun te ah zukkikna, khaktanna te kinei thei hi.
(i) Gam leh mipi te a ding in sih leh hin thu zah a thupi kisap hun hi ding.
(ii) Gambup leh mipi te tung ah zumvai (officially) in tangko ding hi.
(iii) UNGS kiang ah thu zasak pah ding:
(iv) Hamphatna te khaktanna in a hun leh a mun kisapna a hihman hi cih kician sak ding:
(v) Tuabang sepna (khaktanna) te pen leitung bup thukham tawh kituak ding:
(vi) Khentuam deidanna bulphuh lo ding:
Mipi tawh kisai thupi kisap hun i cih bang hiam?
Gam khat sung a mipi te nuntakna a lingsak in lauthawng huai dinmun ah a om hun ahi hi. Tuate lakah zinlinna, khua hun siatna cih bang dan kim leh kiang (environmental) khua hun siatna te zong kihel hi. Gamsung gal (or) galvan tawi in langdona te hangin zong piang thei hi. Bang thu hangin piangpiang, tua thute pen bang ci vengsak ding cih gelna kumpi te’n mipi te tungah tangko ding hi. Tuabang gelna pen zong leitung bup minam kipawlna thuzeekpi (UN-GS) tung ah bang hang in hih bang in kigel hiam, cih zasak ding hi.
Tuabang hunah kumpi te’n a khengval in na a sepding uh pen kilawm na sa hiam?
Kumpite in thukham vaihawmna, gam mite lungmuanna leh gam bitna dingin kisam a sak uh bangin nasem thei uhhi. Tua nasepna ah zong mi khempeuh a dingin a kikim phattuamna ding bek hi henla, mipawl khat phattuamna ding bek in kisem kei hen. A thu leh la zui in kisem hen la, a khengval in sepding kiphal lo hi. Mihing hamphatna komision (CHR) in “gam khat’ thukin kisap hunsung a nasep te in a hun leh mun ngetna (kisapna) hang a tom cik sung zat ding ahi hi.” ci’n teikhia hi. “A lo theilo a kisam hi” cih zong a kician tak in sittel ding kisam hi. Hih in a suakta thukhenna leh thukhunpi sung a hamphatna gelh lut ding a thupi na honglak hi. Tua te in leitung bup thukham tawh kituak sak ding hi. Gentehna- Thumanlo pi tawh a kicing lo paulap zang in mi khat peuh bawlsiatna (torture) pen kiphal lo hi.
Hamphatna khempeuh kibang hiam? Khennen ding leh khaktan ding phalloh hamphatna te pen hamphatna dangte sang in a thupi zaw hiam?
ICCPR sung a kigelh hamphatna te i thupina pen a tawm a tam, a niam a sang kikhen khia theilo hi. A thupi mahmah hamphatna pawlkhat te zong khennen, sukkhak, khaktan theih hamphatna sung ah kihel lo hi. Hamphatna pawlkhat te khaktan phalloh cihna in mipi te i thukin kisap hun a kizang thukham sung a gakcip khentanna te tawh kisai khakloh man ahi hi. (Gentehna- Article (11) ah Leiba neite in leiba a ditkik zawh loh man un tan inn (jail) ah khum ding kiphal lo hi.) A dang khat tawh khaktan ding hithei peuhmah lo hi. (gentehna- Article (18) sungah suakta tak a ngaihsutna). Ahang in hih hamphatna te khaktanna pen thukham vaihawmna omnawn lohma honglak hi.
Article (5) ICCPR
(A) Laipi sung thute in laipi i theihpih hamphatnate leh suahtaknate suksiatna ding (or) suksiatna ding ngimna tawh nasepnate ah gamkhat ahi zongin, pawlpi khat ahi zongin, mimal khat ahi zongin kihelna ding phalna om hi ci’n kilet khia kei hen.
(B) Laipi dongta gam khatpeuh i thukim pihna a hi mungpi mihing hamphatna leh suahtaknate pen thukham tawh ahi zongin, laipi suaikaihna tawh ahi zongin, zuihding thukham tawh ahi zongin, pu leh pa thuzuih khanglui paizia tawh ahi zongin paulam bawl in hih laipi thukim pih lohna leh theihpihna kiamsakna, khaktanna, neusakna te kibawl kei hen.
Mi khat peuh in ICCPR sung a om hamphatna a siasak ding nasep theihna hamphatna ngen thei lo hi.
ICCPR sung ah a kigelh khakloh hang in hamphatna khatpeuh omkha lo ci’n kisang kei hen.
Hilhcianna:
ICCPR sung a om hamphatna te siatna ding in kumpi, pawlpi leh mimal khatpeuh in hih laipi khutzat in neilo ding hi. Mimal leh pawlpi khatpeuh in zong ICCPR sunga om hamphatna te a siatmangna dingin maiphaw in zang theilo ding hi. Minam mudahna ding tangko in “ken’ kei suakta tak a pulak theihna zang hi’ng” ci’n laipi sung ah kigelh thute pansan in neithei lo ding hi. Gamsung thukham leh laipi sunga om thute a ki tukkalhna a om leh gam mipi i hamphatna leh suahtakna vengbit zo ding pen thupi sak in sem masa ding hi.
Article (6) ICCPR
(A) Mikhempeuh in nuntak theihna pen a pian ken ahi hi. Hih pen thukham in vengbitna pia ding hi. Mi khatpeuh thukham zui lo in a nuntakna kilak sak theilo ding hi.
(B) Thukham zui in khialhna thaman a thahna ding thu khensatna neilai gamte in thahna ding thu a khensat uh ciangin a kizang lai thukham tawh kituak in khialna lianpite bek ah nei ding hi. Tua bang a thu khensatna ah zong hih kiciamna laipi tawh ahi zongin, minam beina ding a thahna (genocide) hang a khialna thaman piaknate tawh kitukalh lo ding hi. Hih thu khenna pen thukhen zum sang pen i thu khensat tawpna khit ciang in kizang pan ding hi.
(C) Nuntakna kikhaktan sakna in minam beina ding a thahna (ngimna) in huamkhak ciangin minam beina ding a thahna tawh kisai mawhna thaman piakna zia ding thukimna laipi sung a om kamciam te kumpite in a zukkikna ding hih Article in phallo hi.
(D) Thah ding a thukhen khumna thuak mi khatpeuh in mawhmai sakna (or) thaman khiapkiamna ding in ngen thei hi. Thaman piaknate ah mawhmai sakna (or) khahkhiatna (or) puahphat, etkiknate kinei thei hi.
(E) Khialhna nei kum (18) nuai lam mite leh naupaii numei te thahna ding thu khensatna kipia kei hen.
Thahna ding thu khensatna pen a lian mahmah khialhnate bek ah kipia ding hi. Nuntak theihna pen a kikhaktan theilo hamphatna ahi hi. Tua hi a, gam khat kumpi te in a gam mite nuntakna a vengbit kul hi. Bang ci bang thuteng piang leh zong nuntak theihna pen a kikhak tan theilo hamphatna ahi hi.
Hilhcianna:
Gam khatpeuh ah thunei mite hang in mihing khat i nuntakna a kimawk supsak (beisak) lohna ding thukham tawh gaktak in khaamcip ding hi. (HRC-Human Rights Committee) Gam khatpeuh i khutkhakna pen thukham deihna khengval loding hi. “Gamsung thukham zui in vaihawm kumpi te’n a sem ahi hi” cih pen leitung bup mihing hamphatna thukham ah “nung leh ma enlo a matuah peuh a gamtatna, mawt gamtatna (arbitrary) tawh ki pelh theituan lo hi. Gentehna- gal buai hunsung in galvengsak ding a kisawl galkap mang te nasep theihna ding a kigelh thukham in hih Article tawh kituak lo hi. Thukin poimawh hun ah gambup in a kisai lo mipi te a liam a bai sak lohna ding in thukham vaihawmna (rule of law) gaktak in a sep ding ahi hi.
Nuntak theihna i cih sungah “naungek piang cil sihna a kiamnang, natna kiamnang, thong inn (jail) tang mi te cidam na hoihna” cih te zong kumpi ten a sep ding un huam kha hi.
Gam tuamtuam thukhen zum tawh kisai leh khialhna thaman thahna piakna:
ICCPR laipi dongta gamte in khialhna thaman ding a thahna piakna pen phiat ding ahih loh hang in tua bang sepna ah ciangtanna neihding leh a kician mahmah khialhna lianpi te longal thudangte ah piakloh ding (phiat ding) ahi hi. Bangteng ahi zongin thahna ding thu khensatna tawpsan ding pen sep ding a kilawm na ahi hi, cih hih Article in gen hi. Nuntak theihna bucing tak a ngahna ding in thahna ding thu khenna tawpsan ding in CHR in hanthon hi. Tua bang thu khensatna neih ma in zong sepdan ding gelna a nuai a bang hi ding hi.Tua te in –
(i)Guptuam paihtuam omlo a thusitna leh thu ngaihkhiatna:
(ii) Khialhna neilo mite tung thudamna:
(iii)Thu khensatna etphatkikna ding ngetna:
(iv)Thahna ding pan thonginn (jail) ah tang ding in thaman khiapkiamna:
(v)Mawhmaisak ding ngetna hang in a niam pen in zaidamna piakna:
(vi)Kum (18) nuai lam mi leh naupaii numei te thahna ding thu khensatna khaktan ding cih te ahi hi.
UN in thahna thuak ding mite i hamphatnate vengbitna ding in a nuai a thute zui in thahna ding thu khensat ding in hanthawn hi.
(a) Khialhna lianpen i cih in sihna manna a piangsak ding (or) tua bang dan thute a sia mahmah thumei zom a piangsak ding gamtatna:
(b)Mi hai, lungsim sianglo leh nau nawitep nupi te huamkha lo hi.
(c)Lampi dang tawh khialhna neilo ahihna lahkhiatna ding a bei ciang leh a muanhuai in mikhial a hih lam i lah theih ciang bek in thahna ding thu khensat ding hi.
ICCPR laipi thumeizom (OP) nihna sung a om thute in thah ding thu khensatna paikhia hi. Tua thumei zom nihna thukimna leh kipsakna suaikai gamte in khialhna thaman dingin thahna pen paikhia ding hi. Thahna ding thukhensatna phiat (beisak) gamte in hih a nuai a te ahi hi.
Australia Andorra Angola
Austria Cambodia Cape Verde
Columbia Costa Rica Croatia
Czech Republic Denmark Dominican Republic
Ecuador Finland France
Germany The Gambia Greece
Guinea- Bissan Haiti Honduras Hungary Republic Sao Tome & Principe Slovale Slovenia Solomon Island Sweden
Switzeland Iceland Ireland
Kiribati New Zealand Nicaragua
Norway Panama Portugal
Romania San Marino Tuvalo
Uruguay Liech Tensein Luxembourg
Macedonia Marshall Islands Microniasia
Monaco Mozabique Namibia
Netherlands Vanuatu Vatican City State Venezuela
Thusitna omlohna, Hiamgamh thusitna leh Upmawh thu tawh thahna:
A tung a thute deihna leh khiatna sung ah –
(i)Thahna te ah Article (6) sunga om thukham zui a seplohna:
(ii)Hih bang thahna te ah thukhen zum leh thukham zui in semlo in kumpi te thupiak (or) kumpi ngaihsutna (or) kumpi te thukimna bek tawh sepna:
(iii)Thukham zui a nasem mi te’n thuneihna khengval a zatna (or) thukham palsatnate hang a sihna:
(iv)Gamsung buai hun (or) galpi hunsung a zuih ding thukham te palsat in galvan tawi galkap (or) Kilemna vaisai galkap te’n mipi te thahna te kihel hi.
Hih bang thahna te pen thukham pualam (or) thuman lo tak a thahna (or) thukhen zum pua lam a gamtatna a kiciapteh hangin gamsung a kizang thukham leh leitung bup thukham te huangpua lam a na sepna ahih man ahi hi.
Ukcippi (dictator) pawl khat in thunung thuma sulzuih theilo ding in imcip seelcip khit uh ciang in mithat uhhi. Gentehna: Pawl khat te inn sung ahi zongin, pawl khatte galvilna leh galphual ah ahi zongin si hi, ci’n genthei uh hi.
1989 kum in UNGA in thukham huangpua lam a thahna, muanmawh thu tawh thahna, hiamgamh taka thusitna te khaktan na ding leh nungzuih kantelna ding thugui pi pawlkhat gelh khia hi. Thuman lo tak a thahna khatpeuh khaktan nang, nungzuih kantel nang leh thaman piak nang te ah kumpi te zuih ding in tua thugui pi te a kigelh ahi hi.
Kidal kholhna:
(i)Galvai (or) mipi buaina hun ah paulap zong in thukham zui lo a thahna pen khialhna lian in ciamteh in a kituak thaman piak ding:
(ii) Tavuan nei mite hih khialhna ah kihel leh kihel loh theihna ding in enkimvel in semding a sawltu te leh a semtute zong khialhna nei in ciamteh in a kituak thaman piak ding:
(iii)Tua bang khialhna te semding in thupiakna thuak mite in nialkalh theihna ding leh tua sepna i mawhna thaman pen a matung pan zong peng tuanlo ding a hihlam thusin sak ding:
(iv)Thahding a vaulau na thuak mimal leh mihonpi te a ding in kibukna ding bawlsak ding:
(v) Kolbulhna thuak mite pen mite theihna mun bek ah koih in, a mau thu leh la te pen beh leh phung, tanau te (or) thukham siam (lawyer) te kiang ah manman in zasak theihna:
(vi)Kolbulhna thuak mite omna teng ah thukan sittel mite a hun leh mun ciangtan omlo in enkhiat theihna:
(vii)Leitung bup a thukan sittel mite tawh kipawlna:
Thukan zonkhiatna (investigation)
(a) Muanmawh a om mi khempeuh angvan tuam omlo in manlang tak thusit zonkhiatna neih ding:
(b)Thusit zonkhiatna ah sepzia bawlzia leh zum te zong kician tak a ciaptehna:
(c)Tua zum ah a kisapna behlap. Gentehna, a kisai kha Ulian, thunei mite leh teci (witness) a sem mite khempeuh tua zum ah sam in thusitna thuak ding uhhi.
(d)Khialna lian pi te ah zumte i thu khensatna kicing lo hi cih kicantakin a kilah khiat theih leh tua thu tawh kisai in thusit zonkhiatna sai commission khat phut khiat ding:
(e)Misi in kua hi a, bang hang a si, bang ci bang a si hiam cih theihna dingin misi luang pen semzan in zonna:
(f)Thusitna mite khempeuh a mau sepna mun pan in khiakniamna leh vauna te a thuak lohna ding un thusit zonkhiatna nei hunsung venbitna:
(g)Thusit zonkhiakna ah innkuan pih te leh thusitna tawh kisai kha mi khempeuh tungah tawlnga lo in thu zaksakna leh thusit ngaihkhiatna te zong zaksak kholhna, thusit zonkhiat khit ciangin misi luang pen piakkik ding kamciamna:
(h)Thusit zonkhiatna pan kimu khia thute mipi tung ah zasakna, tua ban ah kumpite in tua muhkhiatna pansan in nasep ding zia gelna zong zaksakna: cih te ahi hi.
Mikhat peuh kolbulh hunsung in si leh thusit kanciannate a tawntung in a tunga bang in kisem ding hiam? Sep ding mah ahi hi. Kanciatna (or) a thu leh la te sittelna kanciatna pen mipi theihvek dingin kisem ding hi. Kanciatna in tua thubuai pholak bek hilo in kidal kholhna ding zong hong pia hi. Tua bang kanciatna in khialhna leh nekgukna te zong pholak khia hi.Kanciatna ah mipil misiam te in thuman tak leh a hoihpen in a sepna uh zong lakhia hi. Tua bek hilo in kanciatna hang in thanemna leh thahatna in munte zong hong lak khia thei hi. Kumpi te in sumzatna khan ding maw khiamding a cihna munte zong hong lak hi. Kumpi tawh kisai khat mite zong angvan tuam nei lo a mau sepna mun te ah a mawhkhu ding uh hi cih honglak hi.
Article (7) ICCPR
Mi kuamah peuh bawlsiatna, mihing vang kiamsak ding a hiamgamh taka gawtna, mawhna thaman piakna te kithuak sak kei hen. Tua bek hilo a mau utna omlo in zatui sinna (or) telsui siamsinna (scientific) te ah vanzat in kizang kei hen.
Kumpi nasem te in ngimna nei a lungsim leh pumpi natna piansakna in leitung bup thukham zui in gen leng khialhna lian ahi hi. Hih khialhna pen paulap bawl in khiapkiam na leh khaktanna te kinei theilo ding hi.
Hilhcianna:
“Bawlsiatna” i cih in-
(1) Mawhpuakna neih hun in thunei tu (or) a ma aitang (or) thunei tu khatpeuh i thupiakna tawh mikhat peuh liamsak baisakna:
(2) Thu ngahna ding (or) kiciamsakna (confess) ding ahi zongin:
(3) Lungsim lauthong sakna leh utlo pipi sawl teitei na ding leh
(4) Nengniam deidanna thu bulphuh man in mikhat peuh lungsim leh pumpi gen theihsakna te ahi hi.
Bawlsiatna in a siahuai mahmah hiamgamh tatna hi a, mihing vai lo (or) mihing hihna (vang) kiamsak gawtna leh thaman piakna ahi hi.
Mihing vailo tak a bawlna leh gawtna:
Hih pen mihing khat a piang khia mite tuah ding a kilawm lo pen gawtna ahi hi. “Thunei tu in mikhat pen mihing khat bang lo in vanzat khat bang a bawlna in tua mi i vang nengniam ahi hi”. (Europe Judicial) Thusitna ah a ki sam zah dotna leh dawnna a khengval a phut teitei na in mihing vai kei a kicih theihloh hang in lungsim leh pumpi te thanemna ding kolbulhna, hunsawt pi tak ihmu lo a gawtna te pen mihing vailo gamtatna in kiciam teh hi.
Mihing hihna a kiamsak thei bawlsiatna:
Mi khatpeuh i maizum zahlakna ding leh a ma utloh, deihloh (or) a ma i sia leh pha theihna te tawh kituak lo in gamtatsak teitei na in mihing hihna kiamsakna ding a gamtatna ahi hi. Tua bang na sepna ah pumpi hetkha keileng zong a ma dinmun, vang leh minphatna te kiamsak theihna ding gamtatna te kihel hi. Khialhna thaman dingin khauhtak in gawtna piakna in khialhna tawmsak tuam leh mihing te a dingin hoihzaw lo ding hiam?
Hih bang a thaman piakna sepna pen hoihzaw hi cih na dingin lim leh na a kician omnai lo hi. Khialhna thaman dingin khauhtak a gawtna piakna in khialhna tampi khaktan (kidal) na ding ngimna bek tawh zat ding in kilawm lo hi. Khialhna thaman ding gawtna khatpeuh piakna ah leitung bup zuih leh zat thute tawh a kituah ding kisam hi.
Teci (witness)
Article (7) palsatna pen teci (lim lahna) neih ding hamsa mahmah hi. A hangte in-
(i) A tamzaw muhna ah teci (limlah) ding a om loh hang ahi zongin:
(ii) A thuak mite in a mah leh a inn kuanpih te tung ah phuba a lak ding luahman in ahi zongin:
(iii)Thunei mite in a mau zuih ding a kipia thukham te palsak a hihna uh pulak ding lunghiangna leh thusit kantelna tawh kimai tuah ngamlohna:
(iv)Bawlsiatna (or) mihing banglo a hiamgamh tatna (or) mihing hihna kiamsakna ding bawlna (or) gawtna te ah a kithei tham ding liamma te a omloh man te ahi hi.
Tua bang hekna te a kingah hun ciangin thunei (or) kumpi te in zuaupi hi ci’n zepmang zel uh hi. Kicing tak a hilh cianna omlo pi in zuaupi cihna tawh khin khiatna pen kicing zolo hi. Tuabang hun ciangin mihing hamphatna komision (CHR) in a thu leh la kicing tak in sulzuih in teci (limlahna) tawh vaisai ding hi.
Kumpi te tavuan:
Hih bang bawlsiatna (or) gawtna te sepna pen hih thukhil (Article) tawh khaam bek ciang pen kicing zolo hi. Kumpi te makaihna tawh malak a dalkholhna neih ding hi. (CHR) Tua bang kidalna dingin hih a nuai a thute leh lampi te zui a sepding mihing hamphatna komision (CHR) in kawk muh hi.
(1) Mat a om mi leh a pua lam a om mite thu kizakna khaktan sak lo ding:
(2) Mat a om mi te siavuan (or) thukham siam (lawyer) leh a innkuan pihte tawh kimu sak thei ding:
(3) Mat a om mite pen mipi te theihna mun bek ah koihna leh a kisam a ma tung thu ciaptehna laibu te (record) zong koih ding:
(4) Article (7) tawh kituak lo in hiamgamhna tawh thusitna pan a kingah thute thukhen zum in san loh ding.
(5) Thukham vengbit (zui a nasem) mite’n tua bang na a seploh na ding un thu sinsakna leh lam hilhnate neih ding ahi hi.
A kisai pih thu leh la dang te:
Bawlsiatna leh a dang mihing banglo a gamtatna (or) mihing hihna a kiamsak gamtatna leh gawtna te beina ding thukimna laipi (CAT)
Hihthu kimna laipi (CAT) dongta gam kumpi te in –
(i)Bawlsiatna in khialhna (crimes) a ciapteh a thaman piak ding.
(ii)Thukhen theihna huam sung ah bawlsia tu te man in thusit ding, thusitna thuak ding in gamdang ah puak ding.
(iii) Bawlsiatna thuak mite zangna dopna piak ding cih te ah mawhpuakna nei hi.
Vienna thu tangko:
Vienna khuapi leitung bup mihing hamphatna khawmpi ah bawlsiatna pen hih a nuai a bang in ciamteh in thukimna kinei hi. “Bawlsiatna in mihing vang a beisak gawtna siahuai pen hi a, bawlsiatna thuak mite a ding in mailam nuntakna ding ah mihing vang leh min hoihna (hin man) omnawn lo zah dong in susia hi” Tua khawmpi thu tangko in mat a om mite kolbulhna munte ah vaveh zelna hangin bawlsiatna beisakna ding lampi zonkhiat ding thukimna laipi (CAT) tung ah thumei zom thukimna neih ding ngen hi. Gam khempeuh kiang ah Bawlsiatna tawh mihing hamphatna nasia tak a, a palsat mite mawh maisakna leh humbitna ah a panpih thukhamte phiat ding leh a palsat thute uh tungah thusit thukhenna leh thukham vaihawmna bulpi sak pen ding zong han thon hi. (Chapter II, Article- 55,60,61)
Article (8) ICCPR
(A) Kuamah peuh sila in kikoih kei hen. Sila khawina leh sila zuakna namkimte kikham hi.
(B) Kua man peuh suak leh sal in kikoih kei hen.
(C) (i) Kua mah peuh thagum tawh sawlna leh semlo in om theilo ding cihna tawh na ki semsak teitei kei hen.
(ii) Thong inn (jail) sungah na ham sem ding a thaman kipiakna gam te ah hih Article (3) (i) na tawh kisai kha lo hi.
(C) Hih Article (8) sunga “thagum tawh sawlna leh semlo theilo ding” cih khiatna in hih a nuai a te kihel lo hi.
(a) Article (3) (ii) simloh thukham zui a thukhen zum phalna tawh mat a om mite sawlna (or) hun tawl khat sung tuabang matna pan khah in thusiah pawlkhat tawh kikai-awk lai mite sawlna:
(b) Gal thu tawh kisai sawlna leh kumpi te leitung thukimna ngahna ding a thukham zui a sia leh pha theihna tawh nasepna te:
(c) Buaina hangin thukin hun leh mihing nuntakna ding lungziin huai dinmun a om hun (or) gamsung nopsakna te a susia thei ding lauhuaina hunte ah thupiak bang a nasep te:
(d) Mipite phattuam ngahna tawh kisem den nasep te ahi hi.
“Sila khawina pen leitung bup thukham ah khialhna ahi hi.” (International Crimes)
Hih pen bang hun mah ah a kimaisak theilo, thaman a ki khiamniam theilo khialhna ahi hi.
Hilhcianna
Suak leh sal a kikhawina pan a suahtak ding pen leitung bup thukimpih mihing hamphatna masa pen ahi hi. Sila khawina i cih kammal in-
“Mikhat i theihna siamna, tha leh zung khempeuh leh kimkhat pen mikhat i nuntakna tungah zatkhiatna ahi hi” ci’n sila khawina tawh kisai thukimna ah kigelh hi.
Sila zuakna:
Sila khawina beina ding thukimna laipi thumei zom sungah-
(a) Mikhat peuh sila sem ding ngimna tawh matna, zollutna, laklutna tawh kisai na septe :
(b) Mikhat peuh sila ding ngimna tawh zuakna (or) khektuahna na septe;
(c) Zuak ding (or) khektuah ding utna tawh mikhat peuh zuakna (or) khektuahna:
(d)Bang lampi tawh i pi (puak) a hizong sila zuakna leh puakna tawh kisai nasepte khempeuh sila zuakna i deihna in huamkha hi.
A zenzen in gamkhat peuh in sila khawina beisakna ding thukimna laipi kipsakna (ratification) suai a kai leh tuipi tung thu tawh kisai Geneva thukimna zui in gam kumpi te in sila puakna (metbawlna) te dal ding leh gawtna piakding pen panlakna a neih ding uh ahi hi.
Sila bang nuntakna:
Thumeizom (Protocol) sungah a nuai a thu leh la te zong sila khawina tawh kilam danglo hi ci hi.
(a) Leiba neite zawh thoh bawlna. (Leiba ditzoh loh man in tua leiba tawh gakcipna:)
Mi khatpeuh in midang khat kiangah leiba a hihmah in tua leibat ditna dingin thazung thatang leh a ma thu nuai a om midang khatpeuh i thazung thatang ahi zongin apna:
(b) Bawi lutna
Mi khatpeuh in midang khatpeuh kiangah nuntakna ding in thukham (or) ngeina (or) thukimna khatpeuh tawh ahi zongin, midang khat tungah nasem ding in kikai-awk kha ahih man in ahi zongin thaman, sum leh pai, neih leh lam te a ngah in a ngah kei zong in tua bang dinmun pan kisut khia zo nawn lohna:
(c) Koi mun cih omlo mi khatpeuh kiang ah–
– Numei te in a mau utna tello in nu leh pa (or) nukik pakik kemtu (or) mikhat peuh sum piak man (or) neih leh lam piakman in kitenna bawlsakna:
– Pasal (or) beh leh phung te sum ngahna ding (or) neih leh lam ngahna ding in midang khatpeuh tungah zite angkawmsakna:
– Pasal te sih khih ciang in zite ngah ding go leh gamh te midang khat tawh luah khop sakna.
– Nu leh pa (or) kem tu in thaman ngah ding lam-etna tawh kum (18) nuai lam naupangte midang te tung ah apna te ahi hi.
Thagum tawh sawlna (or) Semlo theilo ding
Leitung bup nasem mite kipawlna pawlpi (International Labour Organization, ILO) Article (29) a hih a nuai a bang in a deihna gelh hi.
“Vauna tawh mi khatpeuh a mau utna omlo pi’n gawtloh ding man a na sepsakna ahi hi”.
Tua bang nasep te in—
(i)Mikhat peuh a ma utna omlo in nasep sakna:
(ii)Nengcipna (or) simmawhna (or) hiamgamna te hangin a lo theilo a na sepna te ahi hi.
ILO in thagum tawh sawlna beina ding thukimna laipi No. (105) ah laipi dongta gamte in hih a nuai a ngimna te nei in thagum tawh sawlna zatloh ding mawhpuakna om hi.
(iii)Siamsinna (or) gamleivai ah thagum zang a kawikaihna.
(iv) Gamleivai (or) khotang hinkhua, sumzonnate deihloh in ei muhna leh ngimna te pulak tangko man in gawtna.
(v) Sum leh pai kining cin nang paulap in thazung thatang te kaihkhopna.
(vi)Nasem mite zuihding thukham paulap a sawlna ahi zongin.
(vii) Deihna gen khiatna (lungphona) ah kihel man in gawtna ahi zongin.
(viii)Minam, khotang hinkhua, gamleivai (or) biakna te khentuamna hangin ahi zongin thazung thatang zatloh ding ci hi.
Article (9) ICCPR
(A) Mi khatpeuh in mimal suahtakna leh lungmuanna neih theihna nei hi. Kuamah peuh thukham zuilo in matna (or) kolbulhna kithuaksak kei hen. Thukham paizia zui a na sepna simloh mikhat peuh i suahtakna kikhak tansak theilo hi.
(B) Mi khatpeuh a kimat leh bang thu leh bang khialhna hang a kiman hiam cih a kisai mite tung ah theisak pah ding hi.
(C) Khialhna khatpeuh tawh matna leh kolbulhna thuak mite in thukhenna ngahna dingin thu khen mangpi (or) thukham phalna zui a thu neihna kipia thunei tu te mai ah zekai hetlo in puak ding hi. A kilawm hun tawl khat khit ciangin, thu sit in thukhenna (or) khahkhiatna kipia ding hi. Thusit ding ngak (Thusitna kinei nailo) mite kolbulh ding cih pen zuih ding thukham bangin kibawl lo ding hi Ahi zongin thusit ding hunsim in zum a kah theihna ding leh kiciamna thusiah (a ma’ khan) tawh khah khiat theih ahih leh zong khah ding hi.
(D) Matna (or) kolbulhna na hang a mimal suahtakna supthuak mite in thukhen zum ah thusung in hek theihna nei hi. Ahang in kimatna hang pen thukham tawh kituak kei leh zekailo tak a khahkik theihna ding ngimna ahi hi.
(E) Thukham tawh kituak lo pi a matna (or) kolbulhna thuak mite in a sup a baina te uh zangna dopna ngen thei ding hi.
Hilhcianna:
Thukham phalna om lo pi in mi khatpeuh matna leh kolbulhna kinei kei hen.
Article (9) a hamphatna te in-
(i)Matna leh kolbulhna ah a hang hilhpah ding.
(ii)Thukhen mangpi mai ah manlang tak a puak ding.
(iii)A kilawm hunkhat khit ciangin thusit ding (or) khahkik ding.
(iv)Thusitna zosiang in thusit hun ding hun bikhiah a kisuan leh kiciamna thusiah tawh khah ding.
(v)Kolbulhna pen thu khen zum ah nialkalh theihna ding.
(vi)A dik lo pi muanmawh thutawh matnate ah zangna dopna piakding. cihte ahi hi.
Thuman lopi a matna leh kolbulhna
Palik (police) hiam, thukham zuia vaihawm tute hiam, kumpi thuneihna nuai a nasem ten thukham zuilo in matna (or) kolbulhna pen thuman lopi a matna ahi hi. Thukham tawh kituak lo a galvan tawi mite’n mipi te pimangna zong thu manlo matna mah ahi hi.
Mi khatpeuh a kimat leh a kimat hun laitak mah in a kimatna hang theisak pah ding hi. Mi khatpeuh in matna a thuak leh bang hang a kei hong kiman hiam cih theihna ding mi khempeuh in hamphatna neiciat hi.
Mi khatpeuh a kimat leh a kihekna thupen a kimat khit a sawtlo in theisak pah ding hi. Tua theihsakna piak ding hun pen a tamzaw in thukham sungah kigelh hi. A sawtlo hun i cih in nipi kal a sim hilo in a ni a sim bek hi ding hi. Thukhen mangpi maiah a manlang tak in puak ding ahi hi. Tua hun huam sung ding pen thukham sung ah kigelh lut ding hi. Thukhen mangpi maiah puakma in a innkuan pihte, thukham siam (lawyer) te leh midang kuamah tawh kithu zalo a kha (1) sung khumcipna pen tua thu kin ngaihsut hi kici thei lo hi. Thukhen mangpi mai ah puak ding a thupi na hang te in –
(a)Thukhen mangpi in mipi te zak theih ding leh ngaih theih ding in thusit ding hi.
(b)Thukhenna mun ah mipi kikaih khop theihna mun hiding hi.
(c)Innkuan pihte leh tanau lawm leh gual te in mat a om mi pen koimun ah kikoih hiam cih theih ding.
(d)A kihekna thu mi khempeuh thei sak ding.
(e) Thong inn ah zong bang ci bang in kikoih hiam cih mipi thei sak ding.
(f) Thusitna paizia khempeuh mipi thei sak ding. cihte ahi hi.
Thukhen zum ah thusitna ngah theihna.
Thupi thukin (state emergency period) hun ah lungmuanna ding paulap in mipite hun ciang tan omlo kolbulh a khialna thaman kician pia lo a sawtpi tak khumcipna in “suahtakna nakpi tak a palsatna” ahi hi. Khumcip theihna ding hunkhen pen khialhna tawh kisai thaman piakzia ding thukham (Criminal Law) sungah kician tak in kigelh hi. (Inter-American Commission of Human Rights)
Mihingte man in khumcipna pen zuihding thukham bangin zatloh ding ahi hi.Mi khatpeuh mat a, a om leh zong a suahtakna te theihpihna a ngah theihna ding hamphatna om hi. Tua banah thusitna ding hun ngak sungin kiciamna tawh khat khiat ding ngen thei hi. Tua kiciamna ah hih a nuai a dinmun ah muanmawhna a om leh tuam ngaih sut ding hi.
(i)Thukhen zum ah thusit ding in pai lo thei ding dinmun a om mite:
(ii)Kiciamna hang tawh khahkhiat hun sung in a khialhna dang bawl thei ding dinmun a om mite:
(iii)Thukhenna na sepna te nawngkaisak thei ding mite ( teci mite vauna leh teci vante sutsiatna)
(v)A hinna lauthawng huai dinmun a om mite ahi hi.
Article (9) ICCPR, A neu (4) hilhcianna
Mi khatpeuh matna (or) kolbulhna in thukham zui a kisem ahih kei leh thukhen zum ah hek in hilhcianna ngen thei ding hi. Kumpi te’n zong a hang hilhcian in thuman mah hi ci’n limlahna a neih zoh kei uh leh tua mi pen thukhen zum in khahna ding thupia ding hi. Tua pen mangpau in “habeas corpus” kici hi. Thumanlo nasepna tawh mikhat suahtakna khaktansakna ding dalkholhna ahi hi.
Zaangna dopna (Compasation)
Thukham tawh kituak lo a matna leh hencipna thuak mite in thukhen zum ah pai in zangna dopna nget theihna ding hamphatna nei hi. Hih thupen gam tampite i thukhunpi sung ah kigelh thei zel hi. Palik leh galkapte in a nasep te tungah mawhpuakna lakna khat ahi hi.
A kisai khat etkak thudang te:
1992 kum in leitung bup minam kipawlna thucin sai innpi (UNGA) in pimangna (kidnapping) pan mite vengbitna ding thupuan sung ah “gam kumpi khatpeuh in pimangna tungah phalna (or) maisakna neihloh ding ahi hi” ci hi. Pimangna cih ciang in “kumpi nasem palaite in mi khatpeuh hencip in kai uh a tua mi omna leh nuntakna bang ci hiam cih sel (imcipna) ahi hi” (Amnesty International)
Tua laipi thumasa ah “Pimangna in thukham vaihawmna, mihing hamphatna leh mungpi suahtakna a susia nak pen” ahi hi. Hih bang suksiatna te pen mihing hihna tungah khialhna (crimes against humanity) ahi hi. Tua ban ah “pimangna” in leitung bup thukham sung a om hamphatna, mihing suahtakna leh bitna, bawlsiatna, mihing banglo a gawtna pan kipelhna ding in thukham mai a mihing bang a theihpihna te palsat ahi hi.
