MEHTHUK(TOMATO) TANGTHU LEH CIDAMNA
Agelh ~ NK Nang
Mehthuk pen Mesoamerica a om Aztecs minam te in BC 500 a kipan meh in zang/ne ta uhhi. Aztec mite khuapi Tenochtitlan (Mexico City ki ci) ah 1521 kumin meh in kizang hi.
1) Italy ah 31 October 1548 in meh in kizang hi.
2) Britain gam ah 1597 in meh in kizang hi.
3) Middle East leh Africa gam ah 1799-1825 in mehin kizang hi.
4) North America ah 1710 kipan mehin kizang hi.
Leitungah tomato nam tuamtuam (varieties) 7500 om hi. Mehthuk in Vaitamin leh minerals tha nei ahihmanin mi tampi in ki thupi sak mahmah hi. Mehthuk pen England te in ‘Love of apple’ ci uh a, India te in ‘Poor man’s orange’ ci uhhi.
Tomato pen determinate tomoto leh indeterminate ci in nih in kikhen ziau hi.
Determinate Tomoto te pen Pi (Feet) 3 – 4 ciang dong sang thei a, a gah a kipan khang nawnlo hi. A kung zam na ding a bawl zong om a, bel (pot) sungah a cing zong om hi.
Indeterminate tomato te pen a gah a kipan in khang pha san in khuavot in a thahlup dong khang khang a, pi 12 dongin sau thei a, pi 6 ciang hileh nasemte a dingin nuam zaw a, a zam na dingin hoih takin bawl ding ahihi.
Tomoto in zung(tap root) hoih neih mahmah a, meter 1-1.5 tan a zung sau hi. Ahihangin a no ih suan laitak in sia baih mahmah a, azungpi(tap root)a kisiat ciangin a gei a, a zung neu neu te khanglian pah hi. A zung paina dingin lei a nip/nem mahmah in bawl ding ahihi.
Tomato deih Khuahun zah;
Tomato pen khualum gamah gahpha mahmah ahihmanin 21°C-27°C kikal ah hoih pen 21°C-24°C pen tomato mel san sak (lycopene) hi. A votna 16°C sang niam zaw leh khualumna 27°C sangzaw ah tomato hoihlo hi. 13°C sang niam zaw ah pak na pi in gah zo vetlo hi. Tomato pen tui lakah om leh hoihlo ahihmanin a omna tui a hul sitset na dingin hoih takin bawl in.
Tomato no (Nursery) bawlna
Tomato pen a kungno kisuan ahihmanin a ci/tang zang mahmah a, buh bung 1-2 mun ah mehthuk na cin ding leh a tang 300-500 gram a ci theh/pawi in.
Mehthuk ci pen lei pan tawm khat sang sak in tui a lut lohna dingin a tung khuh bawl in. Mehthuk ci na thehna mun meter 1 sungah bawng ek/eklei kg 3 leh leinel tokgawp in helkim in. Lei hoih za ih cih Fertilizer, Urea, DAP leh MOP te zong a om leh Kg lang (500g) hel le cin zong hoih hi. Mehthuk ci pen a gual (line) in theh inla gual khat leh gual khat kikal 7.5 cm in kihal sak in. Mehthuk ci na thehna/pawi khin ciangin nahkeu tawh khuh in. Mehthuk no a po ciangin lungno in a nektum lohna dingin Difolatan a hih kei leh Dinthane-M45 zatui te tawh kal khat in khatvei kap in.
Tomato kung na suan ciangin khat leh khat kikal 60cm-120cm (row to row) leh 15cm-75cm (plant to plant) in kihal sak in, a zing lua in na suan leh gah theilo dinghi. Na suan khit a kipan tui hoih takin piapah in, tui na piak ciangin theh zaizai in.
Mehthuk a khanna ding, a pakna ding leh a gah phatna dingin Nitrogen (Urea) kipia a, ahihangin tam na piak a leh gakhak in a pum neu dinghi.
Mehthuk a zung a hoihna ding leh tha tampi a ngah na dingin Phosphorus kipia hi.
Mehthuk in natna a ngah lohna ding, a gah hoih na ding leh a mel a hoih na dingin Potassium kipia hi.
Mehthuk cinna 1 hectare khat sung ah NPK 150:60:60 kg kipia hi.
Tomato na suan pan ni 45 na kimah Oxuflurofen pia in.
Tomato in zung thukpi tak nei ahihmanin tui a tam loh hang hoih ve ve a, tui kicing deda leh siatlawh hi. Tui tampi a kisap loh mah bangin tui awm lua leh zong hoih zolo hi.
Tui pen khal sungin ni 3-4 hal in pia in phalbi sung ahih leh ni 10-15 hal in pia hi. .
Tomato natna te:
1. Damping Off : Mehthuk no (nursery) a sia sak pen natna hi in a no a po khit phet a zung nget sak in, keu cip sak hi. Fyrolan ahih kei leh catan te tawh control in.
2. Early blight natna : Tomato a neu lai in zong nei ve ve in a gol khit ciangin nei nuam zaw lai a, a teh ah a bem in a kang om a, damdam in a kung si dinghi.
A control na in difolatan @ 0.2%, dithane M – 45 @ 0.2% leh Bavistin @ 0.1% te kizang hi.
3. Root Knot Nematode natna : Tomato zung natna ahihi.
A control na in Carbofuran 1 kg, neem cake leh Urea hel in kizang (100 kg pen 1 ha) hi.
Tomato pen acre langah kung 2000 ta in tonne 20 kingah thei hi. Tomato kung hoih mahmah khat in kg 15 dong gah thei hi.
Tomato hoihna te;
1) Gil sung natna nei ding hong dal hi.
2) Tomato sungah Lycopene om ahihmanin kal khat ah a tawm pen 10 vei a ne te in protrtate cancer nei ding te 45℅ dal zo hi cih researcher te in gen uhhi. Tua banah
2016 kumin world production of tomatoes pen 177 million tonnes hi a, tua teng pen USD 85 Billion man ahihi.
1. China : 56.32 million tonnes
2. European Union : 24.23 million tonnes
3. India : 18.4 4 million tonnes
4. United States : 13.05 million tonnes
5. Turkey : 12.66 million tonnes
6. Egypt : 7.9 million tonnes
Tomato tawh hauhna thupha kingah thei hi;
Pasian in ama hoihsak bangin a kung ding na pia a, khaici nam tuamtuamte ading kung nam tuamtuam a guan hi. (1 Korin 15:38)
Topa in ama leitang, tung lamah a om vantung letsong hoihpente, le nuai-a om a thuknate tawh, ni hanga gah a hoihpente, le kha hanga piang a hoihpente tawh, tanglai mualte tunga piang a hoih a limci pente le tawntung mualte’ hauhna tawh, leitung le a tunga om letsong hoihpente le sawlbawk lakah a tengpa’ maipha tawh thupha pia tahen. (Thuhilhkikna 33:13-16)
