KUM 73 A CIN ZAWH ZOMI NAM NI LEH ZOMITE’ MAILAM
Agelh ~ Daniel Vunglianmang Tangpua
Kum zalom 20 sunga leitung tangthu ah mi thupi penpen a kitelna ah khat-a kihel, England te’ Galpi Nihna sunga PM pa, Sir Winston Churchill ii UK te Innpi (House of Commons) a 1948 kum-a a thugen, "Those who fail to learn from history are condemned to repeat it." A beisa tangthu pana pilna a sinlo mite in tua dan mah-in thuak kikkik ding uh hi.
Tuni I thugenna ah Tangthu zong tawm gen ding hi hang. Tangthu cih ciangin Zomi Nam Ni a hong pianna leh Kawlgam-a Zomite’ dinmun zong tawh gen khawm ding hi hang. Thupi nam thum kikum ding hi hang.
1). Zomi Nam Ni hong piankhiatna
2). Mipi tawh vaihawmna pawlkhat siksakin Zomite kalsuanzia ka muhna
3). Kawlgam sung Zomite leh Khangthak Zomite’ ngaihsut ding thu
1) Zomi Nam Ni hong piankhiatna
Tuni Zomi Nam Ni tawh kisai I kikup ma-in innlam ah i ciahpih ding kammal 2 kong pia nuam hi. Democracy leh Freedom, Mipi Ki-ukvaihawmna leh Suahtakna cihte a hihi.
I Zolai simbu sungah ‘F -- February 20 ni, Zomi Nam Ni hi’ ci-in sin hi hang. Bang hangin hih February 20 ni sese hi-a bangci bangin Zomi Nam Ni hong piang hiam, cih thu theihhuai hi. Hih ni hong piankhiatzia i theih nadingin tangthu tawm sut kik kul ding hi.
Tu-a Kawlgam-ah i pu i pa Zomite, tuma kum za tampi lai-in na teengin ki-ummawh hi. Tua hun lai-in Zomite pen kisuakta-in i gam i lei-ah khua hausa, ukpi cih kinei-in ei leh ei a ki-uk minamte i hi hi. Mangkang (British) gamkeekte i gam hong lut ma-in Zomi in kua minam, kua kumpi tungah siah leh bumh pia ngei lo banah kuama' vaihawmna nuai-ah om ngei lo uh hi. Hih thu tawh kisai-in Zo Tangthu (Zo History) a gelh Pu Vumson in “1885 kum-in Mangkang-Kawl Gal Thum Veina a bei khit ciangin Kawl kumpi gam a kisiat hun-in Kawl kumpi ukna gam in Irrawaddy gun dung ahi khanglam-ah Aunglan ciang, saklam-ah Bhamo ciang hi. Zomi te teen’na gam pen Kawl kumpi ukna nuai hi lo hi,” ci-in na gelh hi. Tua hun lai-in Kawl leh Zomite pen a suakta minam leh gam tuak hi-a, gam kituhna leh gal kidonate om loin gam leh minam kikal-ah kizahtakna nei tuak uh hi. Hih thu tawh kisai-in UNO-ah Secretary-General lui ahi, U Thant in ama’ laibu gelh “Pyidawtha Khayi” sungah “Toungoo hun, Bayintnaung kumpi hun, Inwa hun leh Alaungpaya kumpite hun-in Zomite in Kawl kumpi’ adingin galkap a seem tampi om hi, na ci hi. Kawl tangthu sungah Kawl leh Zomi-te kikal-ah a ciapteh taak ding gal kidona om ngei lo hi,” ci-in na gelh hi.
Mangkang kumpi in 1886 kumin Kawl kumpi ahi Thibaw kumpi ukna gamte hong sut hi. 1888 kum December kha ciangin Gen. George White makaihna tawh Mangkang galkap tampi tak in Zogam hong do uh hi. Minam leh gam it Zomite in zong luang leh ban phal-in Mangkang galkapte a do uh hangin galhiam zat leh tha kikim lohna hang tawh a tawpna-ah Mangkangte’ vaihawmna pen lungkim het lopi mah-in na sang uh hi. 1892 kum ciangin Zogam saklam teng ahi, Tedim, Falam leh Haka gam teng gawm khawm-in ‘Chin Hills’ ci uh-a, vaihawm Mangpi dingin Maj. Brown koih-in Falam khuapi-ah zum hong hi. 1896 kumin British Parliament panin "Chin Hills Regulation Act” (Chin Taung-tan-mya Simyin U-pa-day) phuang uh-a, Zogam pen hih upadi zui-in Kawlgam gam-ukpi (Governor of Burma) in direct-in uk hi. Hih upadi pen Zomite leh Kawl mite, vaihawmna khat nuaiah om khawm ngeilo i hihna bulphuh-a kibawl ahi hi. Tu-a Zomi Nam Ni hong kipatna pen hih upadi phiat maai ding deihna leh mipi deihna tawh ki-ukna (democracy) tawh vaihawmna hi-a, Falam khua-ah mipi’ kikhopna pana hong kipankhia ahi hi.
A beisa hun i et kik ciangin February 20 ni pen lamdang takin Zomite’ tangthu sungah ni thupi leh minam thu vaihawmna ni tawh kituak thei den se hi. Tuate gensuk daudau leeng:
1918 February 20 ni-in “Zomi Siamsinna Tawsawn Pawl” (Chin Education Uplift Society) cih kipawlna, Maymyo-ah hong piang hi.
1928 February 20 ni-in political organization masa pen “Zogam Kipumkhatna Pawl” (Chin Hills Union Organization), Zogam khanglamah, Vawmhtu Maung in makaih hi. (Vomthu cih zongin kigelh hi).
1938 February 20 ni pen i pu i pate in British te do-a i gam pana hawlkhiat hong kipatkhiat ni hi-in, Kanpetlet-ah mi tampi tak in mat leh henthuakin, pawlkhat in sih lawh hi.
1947 February 20 ni-in Falam khua-ah Zomi Nam bup khawmpi kisamin “Panglong Thukimna (Agreement)” mipi in kipsak hi.
Mangkangte in tua Thukhun’ zangin Zogam-ah amau’ vaihawmna a lamzan' nading ngimna-in Zomi ukpite hong zang uh-a, ukpite’ tungah siah leh bumh kaih theihna leh thuneihna pawlkhat pia lai uh hi. Tua bangin mipi te tungah siah leh bumh kaihna kilawm lo takin a tam ciangin hih pen Mangkangte' vaihawmna hang hi ci-in mipite in mukhia uh ahih manin Mangkang kumpite tungah lungkim lohna tam semsem hi. Tua hunlai-a mipite’ tunga thunei ukpite tungah a lungkim lo zong tam mahmah hi. Mangkangte’ sila i hih, a sang thei lo Zomi khangnote’ sung panin Mindat uk, Vawmhtu khuami Pu Vawmhtu Maung makai-in 1933 kumin Mangkang kumpi do nadingin "Chin National Union" (Chin-taung Nyi-nyut-yay A-phway) cih hong kiphuankhia hi. Zogam saklam gamte sangin khanglam (taungpaing-te) pen nainganzi lamah khua na mu masa uh hi. Tua CNU in Kawlmi gam it khangnote kipawlna ahi Do Bamar A-si-a-yone (We Burmans’ Association) tawh kizopna nei-in Kawlgam in suahtakna a ngah ciang Zogam zong suahtakna piak ding cih thu Mangkang kumpite tungah ngen uh hi. Gen. Aung San in zong Kawlgam sunga mualtung mite kiangah Kawlmite tawh suahtakna laak khawm ding na na zol den hi.
1947 kum Aung San-Attlee Agreement zui-in Mangkang kumpi in Kawl kampaute tamna-zanggam (Burma Proper) suahtakna a piak ciangin mualtung gam teng zong suahtakna a hong piakna uh manlang zaw ding hi cih upna leh lametna tawh 1947 kum February kha 12 ni-in Kawl mite leh mualtung mi teng kipawl khawm-a suahtakna laak ding thukimna Shan gam Panglong khua-ah letmat thuhna nei uh hi. Tua thukimna hang bek tawh 1948 kum January kha 4 ni-in Kawl mite leh mualtung mite khempeuh pen Mangkangte in suahtakna hong pia uh hi. Hun hong beibei-a Kawlgam kumpi hong kilaihlaih-in Zomite i suahtakna leh i khantohna ding thute hong kikhaktanin henkol sungah lehtun kik i hih manin Sia Hang Khan Lian in “Sal suah na’nga khutpi mek ni February 12, Union Day” na na ci ngei hi. Tu-in zong Zomi Nam Ni ci-a i bawl ngakngak hangin 1948 malai hun-a Zomite’ ngainganzi (politics) tawh kisai-a i din'mun a lehtun’ kikkik i hi gige hi.
Zomite in Mangkang kumpi’ ukna nuai panin suahtakna a ngah uh hangin ukpi vaihawmna nuai pan suahtakna ngah nai lo uh hi. Tua ahih manin Zomi mipite in suahtakna ii gahte a kicing taka ngah theihna ding pen in, tua hun lai-a Chin Affairs Council thunei vaihawmte' nasep ding mawhpuakna masa ahi hi. Tua hi-a, Chin Hills Regulations Act in Zomite tungah bangzah takin gimna pia hiam, cih kankhia dingin Kawlgam kumpi in Thukankhia committee seh-a, ahi zongin a hun hong sawt toh luat ding dah uh hi. Tua ahih manin 1947 kum Kawlgam thukhunpi (Constitution) zui-a Zo Vuanzi (Chin Affairs Minister) a sem masa pen Pu Vawmhtu Maung leh Chin Affairs Council-ah President a sem masa pen ahi Captain Pu Mang Tung Nung-te makai-in Zomi leh Zogam ii mailam vai ding thu kikum dingin 1948 kum February kha ni 19-22 kikaal sung teng Zomi khawmpi Falam khua-ah sam uh hi. Tua khawmpi-ah Zogam mun tuamtuam pan mipi 5000 kah ci-in kiciamteh hi. Tua khawmpi sungah thukhensatna khempeuh pen Democracy pai zia kizui-a, tua lak pan a thupi peen khat in Ukpi vaihawmna pan mipi deihna bulphuh ahi Democracy paizia tawh Zogam vaihawm theih nading cih thu Subedar Pu Thang Za Kai (Tuithang) in na sung-a, Falam (Lailun) pan U Cun Mang leh Kanpetlet pan U Thang Maung te in thukimpih uh hi. Tua thusun’ (motion) pen vote (me) khiatna tawh khensatna kinei-a, a deih mi a tamzaw hi-in a deihlo mi 7 (17 ci-a kiciaptehna zong om) bek om ahih manin tua thusun’ kipsakna kinei hi. Tua thusun’ kipsak ni pen khawmpi a ni nih ni ahi, February kha 20 ni ahi hi. Tua bangin hun khat pan hun khat-ah a kikheelna-ah mipite’ deihna pen thuneite in zong zahtak-in suahtakna, kilemna, thumaanna a deih Zomite lungsim a kilatsak ni pen “Zomi Nam Ni” ci-in kiciamteh hi. Hih pen Zomite aadingin leitung-ah minam picing khat ahihna kilatna ahi hi. Tua hunah Kawlgam Kumpi (President) Sao Shwe Thaik zong va kah-a, amah mah zong Shan Ukpi nam ahih manin Zogam-a Ukpi vaihawmna a bei ciangin a lungnuam lo-a, ukpite tungah huhna (yawkyay) piak ding cih thu tangko pah hi. Tua ahih manin, Zomi Nam Ni pen mi honkhat kikaikhawm pak-a, vaihawm ziau-a piang thu neuno hi peuhmah lo hi. Tulai huna I lunggulhgulh Democracy huihdam I diik cilna, I ciap masakna a hihi.
2). Mipi tawh vaihawmna pawlkhat siksanin US gam sung Zomite kalsuanzia ka muhna (Crisis Response)
2008 May 2-5 ni Kawlgam khanglam Ayayarwaddy Taing, Yangon Taing te nawkin Cyclone Nargis huihpi hong nung a, mi 138,000 val si hi ci-in kiciamteh hi. Cyclone huihpi a nasia mahmah a nihna hi in kiciamteh a, sum le pai $ Billion 10 val kisum kici hi. Tua hun lai-in Tulsa ah ka om laitak hi a, Tulsa ah mual khawl masa Dr. Chin Do Kham te, Rev. Suan Za Lian te, Rev. Kham Khan Khai te in amau hih theihna ciat panin sum le pai kaikhawmin Kawlgam ah huhna va puak uh hi. Thupi thei mahmah a, Sia Dokham bang tua tawh kizomin GOCD ci-in Ministry Pasian nasepna khat phuat lawh hi. Zomi Innkuan USA ah Secretary ka sep hun tawh kituaka, EC sung teng kikupna na-ngawn ka theih khial keileh kiciantakin kinei lo hi. A hong kuppih sun khat in, mailam ciang zom zo kei kha leng, hong ci hi. I mailam cianga zop zawh loh ding launa tawh tu-a vai thupi sep ding I sep loh lawh pen a hi ding mah hiam, cih kingaihsut phathuai hi. Kipawlna sangin mimal thahatzaw leh mimal’ veina lianzaw cihna kilang hi. Hih vai tawh kisai-in Kawlgam pan Tedim Association Makaipi a sem ngei, Professor Dr. C Thang Za Tuan in a hong gen kik ciangin I Falam Hakha lamte in sum a tul tampipi kipawlna min tawh hong khak uh cih hong gen a, amaute’ tawndan leh eite’ tawndan kibang kei si ee, ci-in ka ngaihsun hi.
Guam pana US hong lut Chin State pan mi tampi om a, Rev. Dr. Hre Kio in thu le la tampi na na vanpih a hih manin Guam tuikulh panin US gampi (mainland) a hong tun uh teh, Sia Hre Kio tungah lungdamna ankuang um khawm dingin Washington DC kiim-a Zo suante kikaikhawm uh a, kilungdam keei napi sum le pai bei kihawm, kihuai kik ding ciangin eimite sung sum kidon haksa mahmah cih ka za ngei hi. A thu-man ahih leh, hihte pawl khawng zong kipuahhuai kha ding hi. Kawlte’n “Sarpyi na ma le” Nek khit teh kitheih mawh bawl cih pen ei Zomite’n I zat ngei khak leh, I zat nawn loh ding a hihi.
2009-10 pawl hi dingin ka lamen a, Kachin te Pastor khat Tulsa leh US ah hong zin kawikawi in Pasian thu gen kawm, tanau zong (Zomi (Chin) leh Kachin te unau cih tangthu ah kinei tuak) kawmin hong hawh hi. Kachin gam Kawlgam galkapte in nakpi takin a kap hun lai uh, Galtai in numei naupang gam nuai ah gam pua ah a buk laitak uh hi a, Zomi leh Kachin te tangthu sungah unau hi hang cih thu tawh kigenin a lunggulh-a hong pai hi a, ZIOK Makaipi panmunlen ka hihna tawh ka sap hi a, Tulsa khua sung pan papi leh khangno thu kikuppih ding kician ka ngah zo kei hi. Kawlgam panin gal tai-a kigen vive hi napi hang in, sanggam Kachin Pastor, Makai khat tawh thu kikum ding khawng pen nai-nganyay hi ci-in lau bawl in a hong pai ngamlo, pai hong sawm lo tampi ki-om hi. Nainganyay thu thuukpipi I kuppih theih kei leh zong a thu ngai ding beek in mipi hong kipai leh cih, kei mimal’ lunggulh hi a, Zomite sungah hih khop liailiai theihna tawm mahmah lai leh mimal phattuam nading ciang bek mah a kikhualte i hiam, cih ngaihsutna hong neisak hi. Makaite lam pan vaihawm lahna, huaizawhlohna zong om kha thei ding a, ahi zongin music vai leh bawling vai sim loh, Zomite thu le la tawh tangpi tangta I kikaikhawm zo nai het kei hi. Ka ngaihsutna a khial ka hih leh zong a khial hih ding ka utzaw hi. Khang thakte kingaihsun pha ni.
Tu-in Kawlgam ah February 1 ni-a kipan Kawlgam ah Galkapmang khat in mipi tel’ gammakaite’ thuneihna sut-in Kawlgam sung a buai mahmah laitak a hihlam I thei tek hi. Mipi nautang a kipan, Siaviante, Bank a nasemte, Kumpi nasem nam tuamtuamte, leh mi khempeuh lungkim lo a, Kawlgam ah khua sung vakin lungkim-lohna pulak in diang ngeingei tek uh hi. Eite ee leh gamdang tung in awlmawh loin i om lel hiam? Kei tawh kisai nawn kei, ko suakta ta ung, I ci kha hiam? NLD leh Galkapte tutphah kituh zong hi kha ding hi. Kawlgam bup buaina a tuah laitakin kua teng in I lunghihmawhna I pulak, I lakkhia khin hiam? Tapkuala hang ciang bek I hi lel hiam? (Hihte pen nong dawn ding uh hi lo a, na lungsim sung uh ah na na ngaihsut ding uh ka deihna hi.)
3). Kawlgam sung Zomite leh Khangthak Zomite’ ngaihsut ding thu
Sir Winston Churchill in a beisa thu piang tangthu pana pilna a sin lote in tua dan mahin thuak kikkik ding uh hi, ci hi. Zomite in Mangkang gamkekte’ hong tun ma-in ei mun ei mual tek a hausa upa tawh ki-uk-in a kinungta tek hi. British Empire in Zomite gam thum- India, Kawlgam, Bangladesh ah hong khenkham uh a, mite’ pang belin maineu-in i om hi. Kawlgam-a omte Bogyoke Aung San leh Kawl makaite in hong zolin gam khat ah om ding, tua hi leh amau zong Suahtakna ngah baih tuam ding ci-in kibelpawl dingin hong zol uh a, Mangkangte in a hong muanlohpi mah uh, 1947 February 12 ni-in Shan State, Panglong ah Panglong Sachoh (Agreement) letmat i makaite in na na thuh uh a, tua thukimna tungtawnin Kawlgam in 1948 January 4 ni-in Mangkang kumpi’ khut sung panin Suahtakna (Independence) Kawlgam in ngah hi. Hih thukimna lai tawh a kizom Kawlgam Thukhunpi 1948 (1948 Myanmar Constitution) sungah letmat a thuh mualtung mite in a ut uh leh Pyithaung-suh Union panin kum 10 ma-in paikhia (Secede) theilo ding cih thu khat na om a, mualtung mite union pan a paikhiat ding uh deihlo-in Kawlmang PM semlaitak U Nu in tua hun lai galkap mang Bogyoke Ne Win tawh kigulluk-in 1958 kumin thuneihna ap sai hi. Tua zawh pen U Ne Win in thu (power) neih a nopna ciam kha khin a hih manin, leh Kawlmi taktak te adingin Kawlgam Union pan mualtungmite a paikhiat ding uh a deihloh man zong hi kha dinga, 1962 teh khatvei thuneihna galkap tha tawh hong la kik-in, BSPP ci-in Burmese Socialist Program Party ci-in Kawlgam hong kalsuanpih hi. Zomite in Kawl makaite um-in 1947 kuma letmat a kithuh sachoh panin taikhia thei nawn loin Kawlgam Union sungah tudong a ki-om suaksuak a hihi. Tulaitaka ZIUSA Executive Directorpa, Pu Tual Khan Suan’ pau kawm leng, “ut lo pipi-in thuak keeikai in a ki-omom” a hihi. Hunte hong pai toto a, 2015 a kipan Democrary tawh hong kimakaih ding ci-a I lamet Daw Aung San Suu Kyi leh NLD te in a beisa hunlai, Galkap kumpi do-in a kithuahpih ZNC-ZCD Zomi makaipite panmun zong a gina in a pia kei uh a, 2015 leh 2020 kitelna na-ngawn ah a kipawl-maharmeik cih bang om sak se loin kimuang ta uh ahih manin meekuang luina ah ki-awn, mun kihawm cih zong omsak selo uh hi. 2015 kitelna hong zo in thuneihna a hong ngah tak uh ciangin zong Chin State bang hong puah mahmah bang napi-in NLD te’ zawhna teng lian bek mah lim puah, maipha pia-in hun khat lai-a gen theih haksat a thuakpih uh a mualtungmi zawlte hong kitheihmawh bawl ta uh, hong bang hi. 1947 kum Panglong Sachoh bawl theih nadingin kizol hanga, tu’n galkap kumpi do khawmin thuneihna ngah tak ciang, i Kawlmang gial ngei teng mah hong dawk kik mawk a hih manin Zomite in I mailam ding nakpi taka ngaihsun hun hi ta hi. NLD leh Kawl makaite in a haksat hunin pawl ding hong deih napi un thu taktak ciang, mualtungmite’ hamphat nading, minam kician khata I dinzawh ding pen galkap kumpi hi in, NLD hi in Kawlmang pongpong te ii ngaihdan, sandan hi lo hiam, cih hong ngaihsun sak hi. I thupil bulphuh en kik leng, A beisa tangthu panin pilna a sinlote in tua dan mah in thuak kik ding, a ngei mah bang kik ding uh hi, a cih a om mah bangin.. Zomite zong US ah hi in Kawlgam ah hi in koikoi ah om ta leng, a ngei mah tuma kum 70 val lai-a dan mah I bat kik thong leh, Tangthu History panin Pilna (Lesson) a la nailo hi kha ding hi hang. A beisa hun bel kikhel thei nawn lo hi. Tulai Kawlgam-a kumpi lehdona CDM (Civil Disobedience Movement) kalsuanzia zong thupi mahmah hi. Kawlgam bup ading hi. Tutung pen Kawlgam tangthu a hong kikhel kik hun khat zong hong kikha mawh lo ding a hih manin Zomite in zong i zingvai i hawmkholh ding kisam kha ding hi. Zomite in tuhun NOW cih leh Mailam FUTURE cih nei lai hang. Tuhun-a I gamtat I kalsuan I khensatna bangbangin I mailam FUTURE hong piang ding hi, cih mangngilh loin I mailam ding kuama’ khut sungah ap nawn kei ni. Ei mimal khantoh na’ng, I Zogam khantoh na’ng, nainganyay- a I lunggulh (political aspiration) te zong eite, khangno khangthakte tungah kinga hi, ci-in ka thu ka khup hi. I mailam ding minam dangte khut sungah ap nawn kei ni. Topa’n Zomite thupha hong pia ta hen. Lungdam.
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