EASTER SUNDAY THU TAWH KISAI A THEIHHUAI TOM KIM.
Easter Sunday pen leitung mite mawhna panin hong gumkhia dinga hong pai Jesuh' thawh kik ni ahih manin Khristiante adingin ni thupi ni pen ahi hi. Jesuh' hong suahna leh a sihna pen leitung mihingte ngeina bangin hong suak leh a si hi a, a thawhkikna hangin Pasian' tapa takpi ahihna a kilatna leh thu-um mite adingin mun bawlkhol dinga pai kik ahih manin Khristiante adingin lametna lianpi om hi cih a kitelna ahih manin Easter Sunday pen Khristiante ading pawi leh ni thupi pen hi ci leng kikhial lo ding hi. Thawhkikna om kei leh Jesuh' hong sihna pen a mawkna suak ding hi.
Johan 20: 1-23 sim suk leng Nipi ni zingsang khuavak ma-in Magalene khuami Mary zong hanah va pa-in a et ciangin hankhuk kihukna suangtum a kiliik khin a muhna, tai kikin Simon Piter leh nungzui dangte a hilhna thu leh Mary in Jesuh' luang a muh loh ciangin Jesuh' luang kigu sa-in a kah lai takin vangtung mi puanpak silh nihte a kilaakna thu, tua khitin sihna panin a tho kik Jesuh a kilaakna thu leh Mary in Jesuh a muhna thu nungzui dangte kiangah a kohna thu leh nungzuite kiangah Jesuh a kilaakna thu kimu hi.
Easter (Greek leh Latin in Pascha) ahih kei leh Resurrection Sunday kici pen leitung bup Khristiante adingin khawl ni thupi pen a kingaihsun hi a, 30 AD kiim pawlin Roman galkap ten singlamteh tungah kamsangte genkholhsa bangin a khailup uh Jesuh sihna panin hong thawhkik ni phawkna dinga pawi kizang ahi hi. Easter pen Jesuh’ Thuakna “Passion of Christ,” phawkna ni kipat ma-a hun kizang “Lent” kici ni 40 sung an ngawlna, thungetna leh kipiakkhiatna (sacrifice) tawh kizom in a kizang Nipi Siangtho (Holy Week) bei tawh kituak hi. Hih hun sungin Holy Thursday kici Jesuh leh nungzui sawm-le-nih ten a An Nekkhawm a Tawpna (Last Supper) uh, Jesuh’ sihni (Good Friday) leh a thawh kik ni (Easter Sunday) hunte kizang hi.
Holy Week hun sungin pawi;hun thupi kizangte: 1. Maundy Thursday (Holy Thursday, Covenant Thursday, Great and Holy Thursday, Sheer Thursday, leh Thursday of Mysteries zong a kici) Kristiante adingin ni siangtho hun – Easter ma Laizing (Thursday) panin Lungdamna Thu (Canonical gospels – Matthai, Marka, Luka, Johan) sunga kigelhnate ah Topa’ an nekkhawm bawlna Maundy leh Last Supper hunte kizang a, tua hun sungin Jesuh in a nungzuite kiangah mai lam hun-a thupiang dingte a genkholh hun ahi hi. A hun pen 19 March leh 22 April kikal in kizang hi. Holy Wednesday kizat khit-a kizang Holy Week a ni nga ni-in khitin Good Friday kizang hi. 2. Easter Triduum (Latin: Triduum Paschale), Holy Triduum (Latin: Triduum Sacrum) or Paschal Triduum kici ni thum ni-in mihon Topa’ An Nekkhawm Bawlna (Mass of the Lord’s Supper) kinei a, Easter Vigil in kithupi zat pen a, Easter ni-in thungetna tawh kikhak hi.
Western Christianity ah Eastertide or Easter Season pen Easter Sunday in kipan a ni sagih sung kizang a, a ni nga ni-in Pentecost Sunday zang uh hi. Eastern Christianity ah Pascha hun (Easter season) pen Pascha ni-in kipan a, Jesuh’ van khahtoh an nekhawm pawi (Feast of the Ascension) a ni li ni dong zang uh hi. Easter leh khawl nite (holidays) pen a hun kilaih thei an nekhawm pawi (moveable feast) hi a, a hun Gregorian ahih kei leh Julian calendar a zui ten ni ding cih lian (fixed) om lo a, ni pai dan (cycle of the sun; astronomical equinox) dan tawh kituakin kizang a, a zat ni ding lian Hebrew calendar tawh kibang lunisolar calendar tawh kikhentat in kizang hi. A tangpi-in Good Friday pen April nipi kal masa in a kizat mun mahmah hangin tu kum bang March 30 in kizang hi.
First Council of Nicaea (325 AD) in zuih ding thukham (rules) nih – Jewish calendar leh leitung bup ah a zat hun kibang a zat dingin na bawl uh a, a zat ni ding a ni a sim zia uh (computation) gencianna na nei lo uh ahih manin kum zalom tampi sung buaina piang hi. Ecclesiastical full moon ni ahih kei leh a baih pen March 21 khit nunga zat dingin na bawl uh a, ahih hangin a tuatna (calculation) kibang lo hi. Easter pen Judahte Paisan Pawi (Jewish Passover) tawh a kibang dinga ciamtehna (symbolism) tawh kizopna nei a, calendar a omna (position) tawh zong kizopna nei hi. European pau tuamtuamte ah Easter an nekkhawmna (feast) pen English in Easter ci-in older English Bible versions ah paisanna (passover) ci-in na kitei hi.
Easter zatna ngeinate (customs) Khristian omna mun a tuam dung zui-in a kizat dan tuam kawikawi a, Easter nosiatna tawh otkhiatna; tangkona (exclaiming the Paschal greeting), biakinnte zepna, Jesuh’ kivuina han phawkna, lahna leh ciamtehna (symbol) dingin Easter Egg a kilawm theih pen dingin zepna (decorating), biakinn dakte satna cih bangin kizang hi. Tua loin thawk kikna ciamtehna dingin Easter lily (unok paak) tawh biakinn kiimte kizem a, Khristian leh lawki (non-Christian) ten aktui bengna (egg hunting), Easter Sunday zingsang ciangin Easter basket ah tawi-in Easter lim lahna dingin bilpi (Easter Bunny) kineih mi ten aktui, muankhum (candy), chocolate a kibawl aktui (chocolate egg) hawm uh a, galkap banga lampi zuihna;laamna (Easter parades) cih bangin kizang hi. A mun a tuam tawh kituakin Easter an (Easter food) zong a tuamtuam mah kibawl hi.
Khristian thu-upna ah Easter pen a poimawh mahmah pawi thupi ahih hangin Easter pen Khristian biakna leh upna a pian ma pek leh thu um lote hun (pre-Christian, pagan time) pekin na kizang hi. Easter kici kammal pen suah kikna; piang kikna (rebirth) nusian (goddess) “Eostara” cih kammal pan-a kila hi dingin ki-ummawh hi. Ni dang lai-in Eostara An Nekkhawm pawi (Feast of Eostara) pen leitung a thawh kikna leh a pian’ kikna (earth’s resurrection and rebirth) pawi phawkna dingin na zang uh hi. Tua ahih manin kum zalom 16-17 kikal in Catholic biakna leh thu-upna panin Church of England siansuah ding deih English Reformed Protestants Puritan khauhpaite bangin Easter na zang lo uh a, “human institution” dan in na zang uh hi. England Kumpipa Charles I in 1647 in Easter Sunday pen biakna pawi thupi dingin a pulak hangin Parliament in mang nuam loin pawl dangte pawi hi ci-in phiat, beisak, zangnawn lo (abolished) hi.
Easter zat ni (date) March equinox (sun leh zan kikim laitak) a kizang hi. First Council of Nicaea 325 CE (AD) ah March equinox ni ahih kei leh tua khit a kha liik ni (fool moon) masa a zat dingin na khensat uh hi. Nipi ni masa pen kha liik ni tawh a kituak leh Easter ni ding kal khat kisotto ahih manin Judahte Paisan Pawi tawh a kinaihna leh kibatna kilamdangsak hi. Gregorian calendar zang Western Christianity ten Easter pen March 22 leh April 25 kikal in zang hamtang uh hi. Julian calendar zang Eastern Orthodox Christianity ten Easter pawi April 4 leh May 8 kikal in zang uh hi. Protestant Christianity pawlpi pawlkhat ten Easter Sunday pen Eastertide (Easter Season) kipat a panin zang uh hi. Eastertide (Pentecost Sunday) pen Easter khit ni 50 in bei hi. Eastern Orthodox pan a mengkhia; kahiang (branches) Christianity ten Easter Sunday season of Pascha (Greek for “Easter”) kipat a panin zang uh a, ni 40 khit ciangin Van Kahtoh An Nekkhawmna (Feast of the Ascension) khawl ni-in bei hi.
EASTER NI DING PUAHPHATNA (REFORM OF THE DATE)
Kum zalom 20 in mimal pawl khatte leh kipawlna (institutions) tuamtuam ten Easter ni zat hun ding seh a, bikhiahna kician neih ding hi cih hong tangkopih uh hi. Tua banga a tangkopihte sawmnate lak panin April second Saturday khit a Nipi ni zat ding hi cih a kideih pen leh a kithukim pen hi. Tua banga a geelna leh sawmna uh gum a tam mahmah hangin a ni ding tua thukimna tawh kiseh zo lo ahih manin piang zo lo hi. Eastern Orthodox bishops ten Orthodox congress ah Patriarch of Constantinople leh Serbian Patriarch (Patriach i cih pawlpi upate, ulian/makaite cihna hi) palai in sawl uh a, Constantinople khuapi-ah 1923 in kimukhawm in kamkupna nei uh hi. Bishops ten hih hunah Revised Julian calendar zuih ding leh tua tawh kituakin Easter zat dingin thukim uh hi.
Tua calendar ah Easter pen Jerusalem a meridian bulphuh in astronomical calculations lian tawh kituakin zat dingin thukim uh hi. Ahih hangin Eastern Orthodox biakna zui gam khempeuh in tua khitin Revised Julian calendar a pom hangun a revised calendar pawlkhat bek zui uh a, Julian calendar orgininal ni tawh kituakin Easter zat dingin bawl veve uh hi. Revised Easter computation pen original 1923 agreement ahih hangin Orthodox diocese ten tua bangin zui loin zang den lo uh hi.
United Kingdom ah Easter Act 1928 kici tawh legislation kibawl a, April kha-a a second Saturday khit a Nipi ni masa pen Easter Sunday a zat dingin thukham kibawl hi (tua Sunday pen 9 – 15 April kikal hi ding hi). Ahih hangin tua legislation pen thukham laibu (Statute book) sungah a kigelh lut tei sam hangin a legislation kibawl zuih dingin kibawl tuan lo a, Christian churches tuamtuam a mipite thukimna banga zat dingin kikoih hi.
1997 in Syria gam-a Aleppo khuapi a khawmpi (summit) ah World Council of Churches (WCC) ten proposed reform a bawlna uh-ah Easter ni ding a tuatna (calculation) pen Jerusalem a median bulphuh in spring equinox (nipi hun lai-a sun leh zan hun) leh khaliik ni tawh kituakin modern scientific knowledge zat a, Easter ni zat hun tuamtuamte phiat ding leh a ni kibang a zat ding na thukimna tawh na sawm uh hi. Hih pen Council of Nicea ah kha liik khit Nipi ni a Easter zat ding tawh kibang hi. World Council of Churches in a thukimna bawlna hangin calendar buaina (issues) piangsak ding a, Eastern churches leh Western churches in Easter a zat ni a kibat lohna beisak ding hi.
World Council of Churches in a thukimna bangin zuih dingin a sawmna zuihna (implementation) 2001 in a kipat hangin World Council of Churches sunga member body khempeuh in zui kim lo uh hi. January 2016 in Christian tuamtuam ten Easter zat ni a bat theihna dingin April kha Nipi ni masa pen ahih kei leh a Nipi ni nihna zat dingin unified date fixed uh hi.
Easter zat hun ding:
Easter Day 2018
100 countries – Sunday, April 1, 2018
Germany – Sunday, April 1, 2018 (All except Brandenburg)
Australia – Sunday, April 1, 2018 (local in Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales) / Sunday, April 1, 2018 (All)
Easter Day 2019
96 countries – Sunday, April 21, 2019
Germany – Sunday, April 21, 2019 (All except Brandenburg)
Australia – Sunday, April 21, 2019 (local in Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales) / Sunday, April 21, 2019 (All)
21 April (Western)
28 April (Eastern)
Easter Day 2020
12 April (Western)
19 April (Eastern)
References:
Easter (Wikipedia); Easter 2018 - Holidays (History.Com); Easter Day (timeanddate.com)
A kaikhawm: Thang Khan Lian
